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Slide 1: Hemochromatosis
(Title Slide)
- A disorder causing excessive iron buildup in the body
Slide 2: Introduction
- Genetic disorder → Usually inherited from parents
- Iron overload → Too much iron stored in organs
- Can be serious → If not diagnosed and treated early
Slide 3: Causes
- Hereditary (Primary) → Caused by gene mutation (HFE gene)
- Secondary → Due to anemia, liver disease, or repeated transfusions
Slide 4: Risk Factors
- Family history → Having a close relative with the condition
- Gender → Males more affected due to no iron loss via menstruation
- Age → Usually diagnosed between 40-60 years
- Ethnicity → More common in people of Northern European descent
Slide 5: Symptoms
- Fatigue → Common early symptom
- Joint pain → Especially in hands and knuckles
- Abdominal pain → Due to liver involvement
- Skin darkening → Bronze or gray skin tone
- Diabetes → From pancreatic damage
- Heart problems → Irregular heartbeat or heart failure
Slide 6: Complications
- Liver cirrhosis → Scarring due to iron overload
- Liver cancer → Increased risk with cirrhosis
- Heart disease → Iron builds up in heart tissue
- Diabetes → Due to pancreas damage
- Arthritis → Iron in joints causes inflammation
Slide 7: Diagnosis
- Blood tests → Check serum ferritin and transferrin saturation
- Genetic testing → Confirms HFE gene mutations
- Liver biopsy or MRI → Measures iron in liver
Slide 8: Treatment
- Phlebotomy → Regular blood removal to reduce iron
- Chelation therapy → Medication binds iron for removal (rarely needed)
- Diet changes → Avoid iron-rich foods and vitamin C supplements
Slide 9: Prevention and Management
- Early screening → In families with history
- Avoid alcohol → Prevents liver damage
- Avoid raw seafood → Reduces infection risk
- Regular monitoring → Keeps iron in safe range
Slide 10: Conclusion
- Early detection → Prevents organ damage
- Simple treatment → Blood removal is highly effective
- Healthy life → With proper management, normal life expectancy
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